{"id":1459,"date":"2022-03-05T05:25:56","date_gmt":"2022-03-05T05:25:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nopokids.com\/?page_id=1459"},"modified":"2022-03-05T05:30:17","modified_gmt":"2022-03-05T05:30:17","slug":"research","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nopokids.com\/research\/","title":{"rendered":"Research"},"content":{"rendered":"

Airway, Sleep, Tethered Oral Tissues, Myofunctional Therapy<\/h3>\n

Lingual frenuloplasty with myofunctional therapy: Exploring safety and efficacy in 348 cases<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lio2.297<\/a><\/p>\n

Toward a functional definition of ankyloglossia: validating current grading scales for lingual frenulum length and tongue mobility in 1052 subjects<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28097623\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Determinants of probable sleep bruxism in a pediatric mixed dentition population: a multivariate analysis of mouth vs. nasal breathing, tongue mobility, and tonsil size<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1389945720304998?dgcid=coauthor<\/a><\/p>\n

Assessment of posterior tongue mobility using lingual-palatal suction: progress toward a functional definition of ankyloglossia.<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/joor.13144<\/a><\/p>\n

Lacking Consensus: The Management of Ankyloglossia in Children<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33137275\/<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

Fluoride<\/h3>\n

Water Fluoridation: A Critical Review of the Physiological Effects of Ingested Fluoride as a Public Health Intervention<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3956646\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Prevention of Caries and Dental Erosion by Fluorides-A Critical Discussion Based on Physico-Chemical Data and Principles<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35049604\/<\/a><\/p>\n

FLUORIDE IQ STUDIES: # OF PARTICIPANTS<\/strong><\/p>\n

* Credit To Fluoride Action Network<\/em><\/p>\n

The following are two Tables that contain the number of participants in the fluoride IQ studies.<\/p>\n

Table 1<\/strong>\u00a0contains the information from the\u00a074 studies<\/a>\u00a0that found an association of fluoride exposure with the lowering of IQ. Participants included: 27,174 children and 689 adults.<\/p>\n

Table 2<\/strong>\u00a0contains the information from the\u00a08 studies<\/a>\u00a0that found no association of fluoride exposure and the lowering of IQ. Particpants included 4,047 children and 1,037 adults (who were tested both as children and again at age 38).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

TABLE 1: Number of participants in\u00a074 studies<\/a>\u00a0reporting an association of fluoride exposure and the lowering of IQ<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Year<\/strong><\/td>\nIQ Study #<\/strong><\/td>\nLead Author<\/strong><\/td>\n# of Children<\/strong><\/td>\nAges of Children<\/strong><\/td>\nSub-total<\/strong>
\nCHILDREN<\/strong><\/td>\n		# and Ages of Adults<\/strong><\/td>\nSub-total
\nADULTS<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2020<\/em><\/p>\n

Study<\/em>
\navailable<\/em>
\nJan 2022 on PubMed<\/em><\/td>\n

68<\/td>\nPrabhakar<\/a><\/td>\n120<\/td>\n8-10<\/td>\n27,174<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2021<\/td>\n74<\/td>\nYani<\/a><\/td>\n100<\/td>\n6 \u2013 12<\/td>\n27,054<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2021<\/td>\n73<\/td>\nRen<\/a><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n444 adults over 60 years of age<\/td>\n689<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2021<\/td>\n72<\/td>\nWang<\/a><\/td>\n709<\/td>\n6.7 \u2013 13<\/td>\n26,954<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2021<\/td>\n71<\/td>\nCantoral<\/a><\/td>\n103<\/td>\n12 -24 months<\/td>\n26,245<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2021<\/td>\n70<\/td>\nYu<\/a><\/td>\n952<\/td>\n7-13<\/td>\n26,142<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2021<\/td>\n69<\/td>\nZhao<\/a><\/td>\n567<\/td>\n6-11<\/td>\n25,190<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2020<\/td>\n67<\/td>\nXu<\/a><\/td>\n633<\/td>\n7-13<\/td>\n24,623<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2020<\/td>\n66<\/td>\nLou<\/a><\/td>\n99<\/td>\n8-12<\/td>\n23,990<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2019<\/td>\n65<\/td>\nTill<\/a><\/td>\n398<\/td>\n3 \u2013 4<\/td>\n23,891<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2019<\/td>\n64<\/td>\nWang<\/a><\/td>\n571<\/td>\n7 \u2013 13<\/td>\n23,493<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2019<\/td>\n63<\/td>\nGreen<\/a><\/td>\n512<\/td>\n3 \u2013 4<\/td>\n22,922<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2018<\/td>\n62<\/td>\nCui<\/a><\/td>\n323<\/td>\n7 \u2013 16<\/td>\n22,410<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2018<\/td>\n61<\/td>\nEl Sehmawy<\/a><\/td>\n1,000<\/td>\n4.6 \u2013 11<\/td>\n22,087<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2018<\/td>\n60<\/td>\nInduswe<\/a><\/td>\n269<\/td>\n13 \u2013 15<\/td>\n21,087<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2018<\/td>\n59<\/td>\nMustafa<\/a><\/td>\n775<\/td>\nPrimary school students<\/td>\n20,818<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2018<\/td>\n58<\/td>\nPang<\/a><\/td>\n268<\/td>\n8 \u2013 12<\/td>\n20,043<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017<\/td>\n57<\/td>\nChang<\/td>\n118<\/td>\nup to 12 months<\/td>\n19,775<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017<\/td>\n56<\/td>\nJin<\/a><\/td>\n284<\/td>\n8 \u2013 12<\/td>\n19,657<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017<\/td>\n54<\/td>\nRazdan<\/a><\/td>\n219<\/td>\n12 \u2013 14<\/td>\n19,373<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2018<\/td>\n54<\/td>\nYu<\/a><\/td>\n2,886<\/td>\n7 \u2013 13<\/td>\n19,154<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017<\/td>\n53<\/td>\nBashash<\/a><\/td>\n299<\/td>\n4 and 6 \u2013 12<\/td>\n16,268<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2107<\/td>\n52<\/td>\nValdez Jim\u00e9nez<\/a><\/td>\n65<\/td>\n3 \u2013 15 months<\/td>\n15,969<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2016<\/td>\n51<\/td>\nDas<\/a><\/td>\n149<\/td>\n6 \u2013 18<\/td>\n15,904<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2016<\/td>\n50<\/td>\nAravind<\/a><\/td>\n288<\/td>\n10-12<\/td>\n15,755<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2016<\/td>\n49<\/td>\nMondal<\/a><\/td>\n40<\/td>\n10-14<\/td>\n15,467<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2015<\/td>\n48<\/td>\nKhan<\/a><\/td>\n429<\/td>\n6 \u2013 12<\/td>\n15,427<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2015<\/td>\n47<\/td>\nSebastian<\/a><\/td>\n405<\/td>\n10 \u2013 12<\/td>\n14,998<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2015<\/td>\n46<\/td>\nKundu<\/a><\/td>\n200<\/td>\n8 \u2013 12<\/td>\n14,593<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2015<\/td>\n45<\/td>\nChoi<\/a><\/td>\n51<\/td>\n7.1 = Average age<\/td>\n14,393<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2015<\/td>\n44<\/td>\nZhang<\/a><\/td>\n180<\/td>\n11 = Average age<\/td>\n14,342<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2014<\/td>\n43<\/td>\nBai<\/a><\/td>\n303<\/td>\n8 \u2013 12<\/td>\n14,162<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2014<\/td>\n42<\/td>\nWei<\/a><\/td>\n741<\/td>\n8 \u2013 12<\/td>\n13,859<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2013<\/td>\n41<\/td>\nNagarajappa<\/a><\/td>\n100<\/td>\n8 \u2013 10<\/td>\n13,118<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2013<\/td>\n40<\/td>\nSingh<\/a><\/td>\n42<\/td>\n9 \u2013 14<\/td>\n13,018<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2014<\/td>\n39<\/td>\nKarimzade<\/a><\/td>\n39<\/td>\n9 \u2013 12<\/td>\n12,976<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2012<\/td>\n38<\/td>\nTrivedi<\/a><\/td>\n84<\/td>\n6th \u2013 7th graders<\/td>\n12,937<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2012<\/td>\n37<\/td>\nSeraj<\/a><\/td>\n293<\/td>\n6 \u2013 11<\/td>\n12,853<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2012<\/td>\n36<\/td>\nSaxena<\/a><\/td>\n173<\/td>\n5th \u2013 6th graders<\/td>\n12,560<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2011<\/td>\n35<\/td>\nDing<\/a><\/td>\n331<\/td>\n7 \u2013 14<\/td>\n12,387<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2011<\/td>\n34<\/td>\nPoureslami<\/a><\/td>\n120<\/td>\n7 \u2013 9<\/td>\n12,056<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2011<\/td>\n33<\/td>\nEswar<\/a><\/td>\n133<\/td>\n12 \u2013 14<\/td>\n11,936<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2011<\/td>\n32<\/td>\nShivaprakash<\/a><\/td>\n160<\/td>\n7 \u2013 11<\/td>\n11,803<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2009<\/td>\n31<\/td>\nSudhir<\/a><\/td>\n1,000<\/td>\n13 \u2013 15<\/td>\n11,643<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2009<\/td>\n30<\/td>\nLi<\/a><\/td>\n80<\/td>\n8 \u2013 12<\/td>\n10,643<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2007<\/td>\n29<\/td>\nRocha-Amador<\/a><\/td>\n132<\/td>\n6 \u2013 10<\/td>\n10,563<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2007<\/td>\n28<\/td>\nWang<\/a><\/td>\n720<\/td>\n8 \u2013 12<\/td>\n10,431<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2007<\/td>\n27<\/td>\nTrivedi<\/a><\/td>\n190<\/td>\n12 \u2013 13<\/td>\n9,711<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2007<\/td>\n26<\/td>\nFan<\/a><\/td>\n79<\/td>\n7 \u2013 14<\/td>\n9,521<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2006<\/td>\n25<\/td>\nSeraj<\/a><\/td>\n126<\/td>\n\u201cchildren\u201d
\nAges not provided in English abstract<\/td>\n		9,442<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2005<\/td>\n24<\/td>\nWang<\/a><\/td>\n226<\/td>\n7 \u2013 12<\/td>\n9,316<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2003<\/td>\n23<\/td>\nXiang<\/a><\/td>\n512<\/td>\n8 \u2013 13<\/td>\n9,090<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2003<\/td>\n22<\/td>\nLi<\/a><\/td>\n936<\/td>\n6 \u2013 13<\/td>\n8,578<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2003<\/td>\n21<\/td>\nShao<\/a><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n# Adults: 88<\/strong>
\nAges:
\n30 \u2013 50<\/strong><\/td>\n		245<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2001<\/td>\n20<\/td>\nWang<\/a><\/td>\n513<\/td>\n8 \u2013 12<\/td>\n7,642<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2001<\/td>\n19<\/td>\nHong<\/a><\/td>\n205<\/td>\n8 \u2013 14<\/td>\n7,129<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2000<\/td>\n18<\/td>\nLu<\/a><\/td>\n118<\/td>\n10 \u2013 12<\/td>\n6,924<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1998<\/td>\n17<\/td>\nZhang<\/a><\/td>\n164<\/td>\n4 \u2013 10<\/td>\n6,806<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1997<\/td>\n16<\/td>\nYao<\/a><\/td>\n823<\/td>\n7 \u2013 14<\/td>\n6,642<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1996<\/td>\n15<\/td>\nYao<\/a><\/td>\n536<\/td>\n8 \u2013 12<\/td>\n5,819<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1996<\/td>\n14<\/td>\nZhao<\/a><\/td>\n320<\/td>\n7 \u2013 14<\/td>\n5,283<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1996<\/td>\n13<\/td>\nWang<\/a><\/td>\n230<\/td>\n4 \u2013 7<\/td>\n4,963<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1995<\/td>\n12<\/td>\nDuan<\/a><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n# Adults: 157<\/strong>
\nAges:
\n35 \u2013 62<\/strong><\/td>\n		157<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1995<\/td>\n11<\/td>\nLi<\/a><\/td>\n907<\/td>\n8 \u2013 13<\/td>\n4,733<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1994<\/td>\n10<\/td>\nXu<\/a><\/td>\n330<\/td>\n9 \u2013 14<\/td>\n3,496<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1994<\/td>\n9<\/td>\nLi<\/a><\/td>\n158<\/td>\n12 \u2013 13<\/td>\n3,166<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1994<\/td>\n8<\/td>\nYang<\/a><\/td>\n60<\/td>\n8 \u2013 14<\/td>\n3,008<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1992<\/td>\n7<\/td>\nAn<\/a><\/td>\n242<\/td>\n7 \u2013 16<\/td>\n2,948<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1991<\/td>\n6<\/td>\nLin<\/a><\/td>\n749<\/td>\n7 \u2013 14<\/td>\n2,706<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1991<\/td>\n5<\/td>\nGuo<\/a><\/td>\n121<\/td>\n7 \u2013 13<\/td>\n1,957<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1991<\/td>\n4<\/td>\nChen<\/a><\/td>\n640<\/td>\n7 \u2013 14<\/td>\n1,836<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1991<\/td>\n3<\/td>\nSun<\/a><\/td>\n420<\/td>\n6.5 \u2013 12<\/td>\n1,196<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1990<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nQin<\/a><\/td>\n447<\/td>\n9 \u2013 10.5<\/td>\n776<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1989<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nRen<\/a><\/td>\n329<\/td>\n8 \u2013 14<\/td>\n329<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

TABLE 2: Number of participants in\u00a08 studies<\/a>\u00a0reporting NO association of fluoride exposure and the lowering of IQ<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Year<\/strong><\/td>\nIQ Study #<\/strong><\/td>\nLead Author<\/strong><\/td>\n# of Children<\/strong><\/td>\nAges of Children<\/strong><\/td>\nSub-total<\/strong>
\nCHILDREN<\/strong><\/td>\n		# and Ages of Adults<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2019<\/td>\n#8<\/td>\nSoto-Barreras<\/a><\/td>\n161<\/td>\n9 \u2013 10<\/td>\n4,047<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2015<\/td>\n#7<\/td>\nBroadbent<\/a><\/td>\n1,037<\/td>\n7 \u2013 13<\/td>\n3,886<\/td>\n# 1,037
\nAge: 38<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2011<\/td>\n#6<\/td>\nKang<\/a><\/td>\n268<\/td>\nNot available<\/td>\n2,849<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2010<\/td>\n#5<\/td>\nLi<\/a><\/td>\n676<\/td>\n7 \u2013 10<\/td>\n2,581<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2010<\/td>\n#4<\/td>\nHe<\/a><\/td>\n200<\/td>\n8 \u2013 12<\/td>\n1,905<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2000<\/td>\n#3<\/td>\nCalderon<\/a><\/td>\n61<\/td>\n6 \u2013 8<\/td>\n1,705<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1998<\/td>\n#2<\/td>\nSpittle<\/a><\/td>\n1,265<\/td>\n8 \u2013 9<\/td>\n1,644<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1989<\/td>\n#1<\/td>\nHu<\/a><\/td>\n379<\/td>\nNot available<\/td>\n379<\/td>\n\u00a0# and Ages are not available<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

Hydroxyapatite<\/h3>\n

Impact of a toothpaste with microcrystalline hydroxyapatite on the occurrence of early childhood caries: a 1\u2011year randomized clinical trial <\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-81112-y.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

Effect of nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste on microhardness of artificial carious lesions created on extracted teeth<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28413590\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Comparative efficacy of a hydroxyapatite and a fluoride toothpaste for prevention and remineralization of dental caries in children<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41405-019-0026-8<\/a><\/p>\n

Hydroxyapatite in Oral Biofilm Management<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6777166\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Comparison between Fluoride and Nano-hydroxyapatite in Remineralizing Initial Enamel Lesion: An in vitro Study<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29603704\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Biomimetic hydroxyapatite and caries prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34925515\/<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

Oral Microbiome And Systemic Health<\/h3>\n

REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Scannapieco, F. (2013) The Oral Microbiome: Its Role in Health and in Oral and Systemic Infections, Clinical Microbiology Newsletter, 35(20):163-179
\nDye, B. (2012) Global periodontal disease epidemiology. Periodontol 2000 58(1):10-25
\nPaster, B., et al. (2001) Bacterial diversity in human subgingival plaque. Journal of bacteriology 183:3770-83
\nDevine, D., et al. (2009) Prospects for the development of probiotics and prebiotics for oral applications. Journal of Oral Microbiology 1:1
\nLaleman, I., et al. (2014) Probiotics reduce mutans streptococci counts in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 18:1539-52
\nHassl\u00f6f, P., et al. (2013) Early intervention with probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei F19 has no long-term effect on caries experience. Caries Res. 47:559-65
\nKillian, M., et al. (2016) The oral microbiome – an update for oral healthcare professionals. Br Dent J. 221(10):657-666
\nMarsh, P. (2006) Dental plaque as a biofilm and a microbial community – implications for health and disease. BMC Oral Health 6 Suppl 1:S14
\nBeck, J., et al. (2005) Systemic effects of periodontitis: epidemiology of periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. J Periodontol 76:2089-100
\nXiong, X., et al. (2006) Periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review. Brit J Obstet Gynaecol 113:135-43
\nMartin-Cabezas, R., et al. (2016) Clinical efficacy of probiotics as an adjunctive therapy to non-surgical periodontal treatment of chronic periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol. 43(6):520\u201330
\nGruner, D., et al. (2016) Probiotics for managing caries and periodontitis: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent. 48:16\u2013 25<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Airway, Sleep, Tethered Oral Tissues, Myofunctional Therapy Lingual frenuloplasty with myofunctional therapy: Exploring safety and efficacy in 348 cases https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/lio2.297 Toward a functional definition of ankyloglossia: validating current grading scales for lingual frenulum length and tongue mobility in 1052 subjects https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28097623\/ Determinants of probable sleep bruxism in a pediatric mixed dentition population: a multivariate analysis of mouth vs. nasal breathing, tongue mobility, and tonsil size https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1389945720304998?dgcid=coauthor Assessment of posterior tongue mobility using lingual-palatal suction: progress toward a functional definition of ankyloglossia. https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/joor.13144 Lacking Consensus: The Management of Ankyloglossia in Children https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33137275\/ Fluoride Water Fluoridation: A Critical Review of the Physiological <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1459","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nResearch in Portland, OR | NoPo Kids Dentistry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Research - 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